![]() Particulate matter (PM) air pollution ranks as one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Such metrics provide opportunities to develop more precise associations between airborne particles and health and may provide opportunities for more effective regulations. New metrics to evaluate the relationship between particulate matter and health are also being considered, including particle number concentration, particle composition measures, and particle oxidative load. Advances in battery technology have improved the feasibility of 24-h monitoring, providing the ability to more completely attribute exposures to microenvironment (e.g., work, home, commute). This review outlines recent advances in the field of personal exposure assessment for particulate pollution. By partitioning exposures to known locations and sources, it may be possible to account for variable toxicity of different sources. Personal monitoring can substantially reduce exposure misclassification and improve the power to detect relationships between particulate pollution and adverse health outcomes. Personal monitoring with small, battery-powered instruments enables the measurement of an individual’s exposure as they go about their daily activities. Individual exposures, however, can differ substantially from concentrations measured at central sites due to spatial variability across a region and sources unique to the individual, such as cooking or cleaning in homes, traffic emissions during commutes, and widely varying sources encountered at work. Airborne particles have been associated with a range of adverse cardiopulmonary outcomes, which has driven its monitoring at stationary central sites throughout the world.
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